Iron deficiency symptoms can vary significantly between patients and are often overlooked or mistaken for general fatigue or stress. Common signs and symptoms of iron deficiency may include:
• Fatigue and exhaustion • Shortness of breath • Racing heart or palpitations • Recurring headaches • Brain fog and difficulty concentrating • Dizziness and irritability • Pale skin, inner eyelids or nails • Hair loss • Brittle or spoon-shaped nails • Cold hands and feet • Sore tongue or dry mouth • Mouth ulcers or cracked corners of the mouth • Restless leg syndrome • Increased susceptibility to infections • Anxiety or low mood • Pica (unusual cravings for non-food items such as ice, clay or starch) • Easy bruising
Mental Health Symptoms Linked to Low Iron
Iron deficiency can also impact mental wellbeing and cognitive function. Some patients may experience brain fog, anxiety, low mood, depression, difficulty focusing and reduced productivity linked to low iron levels.
Who Is Most at Risk of Iron Deficiency?
Some individuals may be at greater risk of developing iron deficiency or iron deficiency anaemia, including:
• Women with heavy periods or recent childbirth • Pregnant women • Patients with gastrointestinal conditions such as Crohn’s disease, IBS or malabsorption • Post-bariatric surgery patients • Individuals living with chronic illnesses including heart disease, cancer or post-COVID conditions • Patients preparing for or recovering from surgery
